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Echinochloa frumentacea Link
billion-dollar grass
Symbol: ECFR
Group: Monocot
Family: Poaceae
Growth Habit: Graminoid
Duration: Annual
U.S. Nativity: Introduced
Click on the image below to enlarge it and download a high-resolution TIFF file.
Click on this Line drawing of Echinochloa frumentacea (billion-dollar grass) to enlarge it and download a high-resolution TIFF file Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea

Hitchcock, A.S. (rev. A. Chase). 1950. Manual of the grasses of the United States. USDA Misc. Publ. No. 200. Washington, DC. 1950. Usage Guidelines.

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Classification Distribution Images Invasive Links More Info Noxious Related Taxa Synonyms Wetland
Plant Images:

View all Echinochloa thumbnails at the PLANTS Gallery


Plant Synonyms:
ECFR Echinochloa frumentacea Link
 

ECCRE2

Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. ssp. edulis A.S. Hitchc.
 

ECCRF

Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. var. frumentacea (Link) W. Wight
 

PAFR4

Panicum frumentaceum Roxb., non Salisb.
More Information
About billion-dollar grass

Link to plant characteristics report for Echinochloa frumentacea

Link to plant Classification report for Echinochloa frumentacea

Plant Fact Sheet - PDF or DOC format Fact Sheet for Echinochloa frumentacea in Word format Plant Fact Sheet for Echinochloa frumentacea in PDF format

Plant source and reference for Echinochloa frumentacea

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State Distributional Map for ECFR
© Image generated using gd 1.8
Plant Distribution by State

Echinochloa frumentacea Link

ECFR

See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.

IL KY MO
TN* WI*
* Offsite source.
Alabama
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Florida
Illinois
Iowa
Kentucky
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Missouri
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin

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Kentucky distribution information Missouri distribution information Tennessee distribution information linked offsite at Univerity of Tennessee Herbarium Illinois distribution information Wisconsin distribution information linked offsite at University of Wisconsin Madison
Related Taxa:
Echinochloa frumentacea Link

View 270 genera in Poaceae, 19 species in Echinochloa

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Classification:
Echinochloa frumentacea Link

Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report.
   
    Kingdom Plantae – Plants
       Subkingdom Tracheobionta – Vascular plants
          Superdivision Spermatophyta – Seed plants
             Division Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants
                Class Liliopsida – Monocotyledons
                   Subclass Commelinidae –
                      Order Cyperales –
                         Family Poaceae – Grass family
                            Genus Echinochloa Beauv. – cockspur grass
                               Species Echinochloa frumentacea Link – billion-dollar grass

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Introduced Information:
Echinochloa frumentacea Link
This plant is introduced to the United States from another country or countries. Click on link below for a partial or complete list of U.S. introduced plants.

List of Invasive PlantsScientific Name = A| B| C| D| E| F| G| H| I| J| K| L| M| N| O| P| Q| R| S| T| U| V| W| X| Y| Z| all
List of Invasive PlantsCommon Name = A| B| C| D| E| F| G| H| I| J| K| L| M| N| O| P| Q| R| S| T| U| V| W| X| Y| Z| all
Note: The complete introduced plant report is 1.4 MB. Download and display times may take 3 to 12 minutes depending on your internet connection, internet traffic, your computer and browser. It may appear your computer has locked up. Task manager may report that Netscape is 'Not Responding'. Typically, Netscape is formatting the report for display, and if you are patient, the final report will appear.

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Other Species Accounts and Images:
Echinochloa frumentacea Link

View species account from ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).
View taxonomic account from Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) for ITIS Taxonomic Serial Number 502211.
View photographs from University of Tennessee Herbarium.
View species account from Wisconsin State Herbarium (UW-Madison).

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