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Molly from White Plains, New York, writes: My hero is Judit Polgar. Judit Polgar was born into a family of chess players. Her oldest sister Zsuzsa had already been playing for three years, and her sister Zsofi was destined to follow in Zsuzsa's footsteps. By the time Judit was five years old, she was already beating her father at chess, and at age nine, she competed in the New York Open Chess Tournament. There, she took first place among unranked players. The girls' father, Laszlo Polgar, had determined even before his children were born that he would make them geniuses at something. He read biographies of famous intellectuals, and agreed with his wife, Klara, that ordinary schooling would do nothing to further his plan. When Zsuzsa showed a glimmer of interest in chess, he immediately launched her into a full-time course of study, eight to ten hours a day. Then Zsofi, and finally, Judit.It is common for great chess players to distinguish themselves at an early age. Judit became the youngest ever grandmaster at 15 years and four months, beating by one month the legendary Bobby Fischer. Needless to say, Judit Polgar did not have an ordinary childhood. Her father quit his job to supervise the education of his daughters full time. They took high school courses at home, and spent the day playing each other in chess, or taking on volunteers from the outside. Once a day, the girls would go outside to play soccer, run, or play table tennis for variety. But Judit placed chess before all other interests. Although Judit has an extraordinary history of beating even older grandmasters at chess, and although many of the other world chess champions have great respect for her, the chess world is dominated by men, and often the Polgar sisters have trouble getting into the most important competitive situations. For instance, the Hungarian Chess Federation insisted that girls play only women, which obviously prevented them from playing in tournaments where the competition level was higher, thereby gaining higher rankings. The higher-level competition also has the distinction of offering bigger prizes to winners. Judit continues to play, however, and someday may even be the number one ranked chess player in the world.
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The game of chess, once dubbed The King's Game, has historically been a male-dominated sport, but the chess
world has
undergone a major turnaround in the last decade with the advent of several women players heralded for there
cleverness and skill. Judit Polgar, a pioneer in women's chess competition, is one important reason for the
change. Judit was born in Hungary on July 23, 1976, the youngest of three sisters. Zsuzsa, Zsofia, and Judit were raised under the tutelage of their father, Laszlo Polgar, who strove to prove that genius can be cultivated through hard work and discipline, He had decided, early on, that the medium for this training would be chess, and so all three Polgar daughters began studying chess by age four almost to the exclusion of anything else.
Laszlo Polgar's experiment in manufacturing genius was a controversial one; it actually provoked the opposition
of the Hungarian government. Critics claimed that Laszlo Polgar used questionable methods to train his daughter,
and armed government officials once arrived at the door of their home in an attempt to save them from what they
saw as a potentially abusive situation. Although Polgar's parenting philosophy raised eyebrows, his strict supervision of his children's education has resulted in a trio of geniuses. Zsuzsa is the women's champion and Zsofia is ranked seventh worldwide. But it is Judit whose wins have broken through the gender barrier; significant in a sport populated by chauvinists of both sexes. Judit Polgar has consistently refused to take part in the separate women's events. This intractability, combined with her magnificent talent, has led many to believe that she is the first woman with a realistic chance of winning the world championship. Already she is the only woman to have competed consistently with the top 20 players in the world, winning games against the most esteemed competitors in chess, including Anatoly Karpov, Boris Spassky, and Viswanathan Anand.
Her rise started at the age of 9, when she won the unrated section of the New York Open, winning 7 games and
drawing once. At age 11 she earned an International Master title - younger than Fischer or Kasparov. At age 13
she was the World Under 14 Champion for boys and FIDE's highest rated woman. And then she accomplished what seemed like the impossible; she knocked Bobby Fischer off his throne, becoming
the youngest grandmaster ever at 15 years and 4 months (Bobby Fischer became Grandmaster, at 15 and 6
months, in 1958). In 1993 Polgar defeated former world champion Boris Spassky 5.5-4.5 in a 10-game exhibition
match and took home $120,000. In 1998 she became the first woman in history to win the U.S. Open.
Her aggressive style and fiercely competitive nature has earned Polgar much respect and admiration from both
fans and fellow players. She plans each move of each piece by carefully analyzing her opponent's style, and
orchestrating her moves in response to their strategy. Her flexibility is legendary.
Laszlo Polgar's experiment may have caused much controversy, but led to the much-delayed acknowledgement that
women chess players are capable of competing on an international scale among men. In only 24 years, Judit has
accomplished a lifetime of achievements, not the least of which are demolishing stereotypes and opening the
field for the next generation of women players. One can only wonder where her pursuits will lead, and hope that
Judit Polgar will be remembered as the player who made gender divisions in chess obsolete.
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Written by
Lindsey Baker
Photos courtesy of FIDE COMMERCE PLC. |
The Judit Polgar Home Page |
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Last changed on:6/9/2004 10:17:49 PM
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