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World Champion Emanuel Lasker
Edited by André Schulz, with various contributors

ChessBase, 2002

Format: CD

English and German

Reviewed by Prof. Nagesh Havanur

When this CD first appeared, it received considerable flak from chess historian Richard Forster.  What aroused his ire was the candid admission in the Introduction to the "All Games" Database.  It stated:

This database contains all available games of Lasker. However, we cannot guarantee that each game was really played by Emanuel Lasker in this way.  The fact alone that a relatively strong player like Edward Lasker had the first letter of his Christian name in common with the world champion will certainly have caused some mix-ups.

The pertinent question is whether this confusion was avoidable.  Edward Lasker was also a famous player in his own right, with a brief but well-documented chess career.  He participated in the historic New York 1924 International Tournament along with Emanuel Lasker and also played a match with Marshall for the US Championship title.  He also wrote a number of books including Chess for fun and chess for blood, Chess Strategy and last but not the least the wonderful autobiography Chess secrets I learned from masters.  So it would not have been difficult to separate the games of the two Laskers.

In the circumstances the publisher’s claim that the main database contains 1182 games of Dr. Lasker should be taken with a pinch of salt.

As Forster points out, there is a reliable source for Dr.Lasker’s games.  It is Ken Whyld’s authoritative work, The Collected Games of Emanuel Lasker (Nottingham, 1998).  It contains 1390 games and fragments (In recent years even more games have been found, and they have appeared in volumes of Quarterly for Chess History).  It also offers precise information about players, dates, moves etc.  If only the ChessBase Editors had known this source and used it for reference, they could have eliminated a number of errors of omission and commission.

Be that as it may, the value of this CD lies in the texts which carry fascinating tournament & match reports (by Albin Pötzsch) and also critical essays on Lasker.

However, one cannot help feeling that there is a pronounced bias in favour of Lasker in the reports on World Championship Matches.

Lasker was no saint.  He was only too human in denying opportunities to his opponents in dethroning him.  He was no less vain than his flamboyant rivals like Janowsky and Tarrasch.  Their obvious human failings should not blind us to their sense of grievance against Lasker.  We need an imaginative understanding of all contentious issues in those times.

The multimedia section contains interviews with Averbakh, Baumbach among others and there also video clips from lectures held at the Lasker conference in Potsdam (by Huebner, Unzicker, Lilienthal, and others).  Unfortunately, most of the experts speak German and this section would remain unintelligible to the rest of us but for Yuri Averbakh's presentation.

In reply to a question on what the young Soviet players learnt from Lasker he states:

He taught them how to defend difficult positions.  He taught them how to play endings.  He saw chess a fight and he brought a psychological approach to the game.  At the height of the Hypermodern Revolution in 1924 he advised the Soviet players not to reject classical principles outright.  They should assimilate both the Classical and the Hypermodern Schools of thought.  The advance of the Soviet chess owes much to their following his advice.

There is also a presentation of a game by Andrei Lilienthal, the only living grandmaster to have played against him.  The game played in Moscow 1935 is a short draw.  So the presentation is rather disappointing.

Of the 1182 games in the database only 139 games carry annotations, and these are of varying length.  Quite of a few of these games contain only wordless notes or carry very brief comment with just one or two short variations.

This is in stark contrast to Emanuel Lasker, Second World Champion, CA CD* (Convekta) in which almost every single game is annotated in detail.

The language and word format also present problems.  In some games the German text has not been translated at all.  For example, Alekhine's annotations to his game against Lasker (Nottingham 1936)appears in German.  So are the annotations to the final game of the Lasker-Schlecter World Championship Match 1910.  This is especially jarring to the English reader.

In other places there is a curious mixture of words and chess symbols obscuring the point of the annotator.

The annotations to games need a revamp in terms of language alone.

Then they need to be re-examined in in the light of analytical discoveries made by moderns like Garry Kasparov and Mark Dvoretsky.  A useful summation of such findings may be found in Andrew Soltis' book Why Lasker Matters (Batsford 2005).

In all fairness it may be pointed out that this CD has detailed annotations by individual contributors like Johannes Fischer, Dorian Rogozenko, Rainer Knaak, Karsten Műller and Igor Stohl.

There are also a couple of games annotated by Garry Kasparov which subsequently appeared in My Great Predecessors Part I.  The subsequent debate on these games brought up a number of flaws in Kasparov’s annotations, with Dvoretsky pointing out that Kasparov had missed a mate in two in his analysis of the game Lasker-Steinitz World Championship Match 1894(7).  Kasparov modestly acknowledged these errors and drew readers' attention to the incredible depth and complexity of Lasker’s games.

Lasker's style wasn't understood by his contemporaries, and prejudice and misjudgment on his play persist until this day.  In this CD there are six essays clarifying and illuminating the Lasker phenomenon:

  • Lasker's Playing Style - Rainer Knaak

  • Ahead of His Time(St.Petersburg 1895-96) - Dorian Rogozenko

  • Lasker in Nuremberg 1896 - Rainer Knaak.

  • Reasons for Lasker's Success (London 1899) - Johannes Fischer

  • Lasker in St.Petersburg 1914 - Igor Stohl

  • Lasker's Superiority in New York 1924 - Thorsten Heedt

It would be beyond the scope of this review to offer a detailed comment on each of these essays.  Suffice it to say that they go a log way in deepening our understanding of Lasker at the height of his powers.

It is a pity that there are no texts on Lasker's performance in 1930s, especially Zurich 1934, Moscow 1935 and Moscow 1936.  The aging veteran held his own, not only against Capablanca, his successor, but also against rising stars like Euwe and Botvinnik.  They would have given an idea of Lasker's form in his later years.

In my view ChessBase should get its act together and come up with a revised edition with more archival and contemporary material.

The following game is from the CD, and the notes are based on the annotations by GM Igor Stohl.  However, I have also made grateful use of the commentary on the same game by Andrew Soltis in his book Why Lasker Matters (Batsford 2005).

Frank Marshall - Emanuel Lasker [A54]
St Petersburg 1914

1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6

This game was very important for Lasker, only a win would enable him to remain in contact with Capablanca and keep alive his hopes for an overall victory.  Therefore instead of his usual Queen's Gambit Declined he chooses the more demanding Old Indian, an opening which he played only very seldom.

3.Nc3 Nbd7 4.Nf3 e5 5.e3








Rather passive, as it shuts in the Bc1.  The more active continuation is 5.Bg5 Be7 6.e3

5...Be7

The immediate 5...g6 was more logical as the bishop will land on the long diagonal anyway.  But in those years the theory of the Indian defences was only starting to develop and they were still mostly regarded as incorrect openings.

6.Bd3 0–0 7.Qc2 Re8








Here Stohl recommends 7...exd4.  But it only helps White according to Soltis.  Indeed, after 8.exd4 d5 9.c5 White has the freer game.-NSH

7...c6 as indicated by Stohl is a useful move.  But Black strives for more complicated play.

8.0–0 Bf8

In his attempt to lure White forward Lasker goes a bit too far.  8...c6 is more circumspect.

9.Ng5 !








Marshall doesn't hesitate, the text is the only dangerous continuation for Black.

9...g6

The only move.  If 9...h6 ?? 10.Bh7++-

10.f4 exd4

Not 10...exf4? 11.Rxf4! ( to be followed by Bd2 and Raf1) 11...Bh6 (11...Nh5? 12.Nxf7) 12.Nce4 Nxe4? 13.Nxf7 +-  - Soltis

11.exd4ƒ Bg7








12.f5

True to his style, White plays for a direct attack.

If 12.Bd2 Ng4.

Or 12.h3 Nb8 !? 13.f5 Nc6 ÷

12...Ng4 13.Nf3

The immediate attack with 13.fxg6 can only get a draw.  13...hxg6 14.Bxg6 Bxd4+! (not 14...fxg615.Qxg6 with a promising attack) 15.Kh1 Nf2+16.Kb1 Ng4+=

13...c5 ?!

Black still does nothing to develop his queenside pieces.  13...Ndf6 is better.  White has only a slight advantage after 14.fxg6 fxg6 15.Ne4.

14.fxg6 fxg6








15.h3 ?

In a tense situation Marshall loses time and his attack loses its strength.

Of course15.Bxg6 hxg6 16.Qxg6 Nf8 17.Qh5 Nf6is bad for White.

The right way to continue the attack is15.Bg5!  (Tarrasch).  15...Bxd4+ 16.Kh1 Bf6 17.Bxg6 Bxg5 (17...hxg6?? 18.Qxg6+ Kf8 19.Nd5 +-) 18.Bxe8 Ne3 19.Bf7+ Kh8 20.Qd3.  Here Stohl claims a winning kingside attack.  After 20...Nxf1 21.Nxg5 Qxg5 22.Rxf1 Qe5 23.Qe4 White has the upper hand.

15...cxd4 16.Bg5

White has two less promising alternatives:

I. 16.Nd5 Ne3 (16...Nge5 17.Nxd4 Nc5) 17.Bxe3 dxe3 18.Bxg6? hxg6 19.Qxg6 Nf8 (19...e2 ? 20.Ng5+-) 20.Nf6+ Qxf6 21.Qxe8 Qe6;

II. 16.Nb5 Ne3 17.Bxe3 dxe3 18.Nxd6 Re6 19.Ne4 (19.Nxc8 Rxc8 20.Rad1 Qe7 -Soltis) Ne5

16...Ne3!








This intermediate move changes the picture, and the defence triumphs.  Now the knight on e3 protects d5, enabling Qb6 without allowing Nd5.

17.Qf2

If 17.Bxe3 dxe3 18.Nd5 (18.Bxg6? hxg6 19.Qxg6 Nf8 20.Nd5) 18...Nf6 - Soltis

17...Qb6!

Black still can't underestimate White's attacking potential:

17...Qa5? 18.Rae1 Ne5 ? 19.Nxe5 Rf8 20.Nf7 ! 20...Nxf1 21.Nd5 Rxf7 22.Re8+ Bf8 23.Ne7+ Kg7 24.Bh6+ Kxh6 25.Qxf7+- Stohl

Or 17...Bf6? 18.Nd5 Nxf1 19.Nxf6+ Nxf6 20.Rxf1 Bf5 21.Bxf5 gxf5 22.Qh4 and Nxd4 with a promising attack..- Soltis

18.Nd5








18.Rae1 is better according to Stohl.  But the line given by him is good only for Black. 18...Rf8 19.Bxe3 dxe3 20.Qxe3 ? 20...Rxf3 ! 21.Rxf3 Bd4–+ Or 21Qxb6...Rxf1+ 22.Kxf1 axb6–+ (Soltis)  If 20.Rxe3? Bd4 21.Rfe1 Ne5–+ (Soltis)

However, White can put up a fight with 20.Qe2 Nc5 21.Bb1, although he will lose in the long run. - NSH

18...Nxd5 19.cxd5 Nc5

Not 19...Ne5?? 20.Nxe5+- followed by 21.Qf7-Soltis

20.Rad1








Is there a better move?

Not 20.Ne5?? Rf8–+ Soltis

Or 20.Nxd4? Bxd4 21.Qxd4 Nxd3 –+

Perhaps White could have tried 20.Rae1, although Black has the upper hand after 20... Bd7(20...Bxh3 !?, suggested by Stohl, gives White a few counter-chances with 21.Bxg6-NSH))

20...Bd7!

Threatening to win the exchange with 21....Nxd3 21.Rxd3 Bb5.

The immediate 20...Nxd3 21.Rxd3 Bf5 22.Rb3 Qc5 23.Rxb7 Qxd5 is also playable.  Now 24.Rxg7+?! Kxg7 25.Nxd4 Bd3is unsound. - Soltis

21.Qh4 Ba4 !








''Provocative, but this goes for Lasker's whole performance in this game.  21...Nxd3 22.Rxd3 Bb5 (22...Qxb2 23.Bf6) 23.Rb3 Qc5 24.Rc1 Qxd5 25.Bf6 ! 25...Bxf6 26.Qxf6 Rf8 (26...Bc4 ? 27.Rxc4 Qxc4 28.Rxb7) 27.Qxd4 Bc6 was quite good, but the ambitious text is more convincing.'' - Stohl

As the note on White's next move shows, Stohl has missed the other point of Lasker's idea.

22.Bxg6

Marshall doesn't want to suffer and goes for broke.  The other point of Black's 21st move is revealed if White plays 22.b3:  22... Nxd3 23.Rxd3 (23.bxa4 Nb2 24.Rb1 d3+ 25.Kh1 Re2) 23...Bb5 -+ and White cannot seek counterplay with Rb3 as that square is now occupied by his own pawn. - Soltis

22...hxg6 23.Bd8








The point of White's combination.

If 23.Bf6 Bxd1 24.Bxg7 Kxg7 25.Ng5 Bh5–+

23...Qxd8! 24.Ng5 Qxg5 (only move) 25.Qxg5 Bxd1 26.Qxg6

With the idea of  Rf7 +-








26...Bc2!!

Not 26...Be2?? 27.Rf7+-

27.Qxc2

There is no perpetual check.  27.Qf7+ Kh8 28.Qh5+ Bh7  This bishop performs wonders. - NSH

27...d3 28.Qd1

If 28.Qf2 Rf8–+

Or 28.Qc1 Ne4 29.Qf4 Re7 and...d2-+ - Soltis

28...a5–+








White's attack is over, Black has a material advantage and a powerful attack.  The game is decided.

29.Qg4 Rf8 30.Rd1 Rae8 31.Qg6 Re2 32.Rf1

If 32.Qxd6 d2 33.Qxc5 Re1+ –+

Or 32.Rxd3 Nxd3 33.Qxd3 Re1+ 34.Kh2 Be5+ –+

32...d2 33.Rxf8+ Kxf8 34.Qxd6+ Kg8 35.Qd8+ Kh7 36.Qh4+ Bh6 0–1

 

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