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Mazo de la Roche (1879-1961) | |
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Canadian author, whose popular Jalna saga has been translated into many languages. Her first book in the series was published in 1927 - in total it consists of 16 volumes and made de la Roche one of the most popular novelists. The series covers 100 years of the wealthy Whiteoak family history, and it is partly based on de la Roche's own experiences. The central characters are Adeline Whiteoak, his grandson Eden and his half-brother Renny, his wife Alayne with a number of spouses, ex-spouses, and spouses-to-be. Archer, Alayne's son, summarizes the theme: "The family has been the structure of all our lives. We don't think about it. It's like the air we breathe. It is sacred to us." Mazo Roche (she later added the 'de la' to her name) was born in Newmarket, in rural Ontario, the setting for most of her fiction. She was the only child of William Roche, a salesman, and Alberta (Lundy) Roche. During her marriage, Alberta moved seventeen times. After the death of his parents, de la Roche moved also from place to place. In her childhood her parents adopted her orphaned cousin, Caroline Clement, who became her lifelong companion. Although her family wasn't rich, she spent some years as a child on a farm owned by a wealthy man who farmed as a hobby. There de la Roche began to develop her fantasy world of rural aristocracy. H. (Rache) Lovat Dickson, her close friend and editor later said, that the Whiteoaks were "idealized conceptions of ancestors whom she only just knew but had heard about, but if she hadn't had the sort of family background that she had, then she couldn't have written the sort of books that the Whiteoaks books are." De la Roche studied art and English at the University of Toronto. Between the years 1930 and 1940 she lived in Devon, England, where she was frequently a guest of the royal family at Windsor. De la Roche returned to Canada before the start of World War II. In 1902 de la Roche published her first story in Munsey's Magazine, but it was not until the death of her father that she devoted herself to writing. Her early novels, POSSESSION (1923) and DELIGHT (1926), were romantic novels. JALNA (1927) brought her success when she was 48. It won Atlantic Monthly's $10,000 Book Award, and gained huge popularity among readers. The story was set in the 1920s, and the reader joins the family a year or so before the 100th birthday of its matriarch. Originally Jalna was intended to stand alone, but the critical acclaim inspired the author to produce sequels and prequels at a steady rate. The film version of the book of 1935, directed by John Cromwell, was according to Variety "a nice production of a not very good adaptation." In the 1920s, when de la Roche began her Jalna series, the family saga was a well-established formula. But few authors have written about the same characters for 30 years. The story starts in the 1850s when a British soldier, Philip Whiteoak and his wife Adeline build a family residence in Clarkson, Ontario, and give it the Indian name Jalna. During the story Adeline becomes a 100 year old matriarch, who sees generations come and go. Renny, the young master of Jalna, is not always particularly likeable. Although Renny himself shows scant tolerance of artistic pursuits, one of his half-brothers is a poet, one becomes a concert pianist, and one a monk and then later an actor. '"... If you drink wine and dance about a fire like pagans. what will your grandchildren do when they set out to have a good time? They'll probably get drunk on gin and dance naked. Manners and morals are never at a standstill. Either they rise or they decline. Like Empires." Grandmother Adeline Whiteoak was the central character in a long running play, WHITEOAK (1936). In 1935 the saga was adapted for screen. The melodrama about the intrigues, loyalties, and sexual irregularities of the aristocratic family anticipated the modern soap-opera. By the end of the life of the author, eleven million copies of the Jalna books had been sold in English and more than a dozen other languages. "But the house stood there, serene and even stolid under his inspection. It looked massive surrounded by the blackness of its evergreens. Light showed in the hall, the drawing-room, and the nursery. The one in the drawing-room came from a leaping fire. The uncles were there. Upstairs the babies were being put to bed. What of Finch? De la Roche lived with Caroline Clement a fairly reclusive life; their relationship was not discussed widely in the press. In 1931 they adopted two children. She also wrote travel books, children's stories, drama, and her autobiography RINGING THE CHANGES (1957). "It seems to me that even to biographers can make an enigma," she wrote, "a mystery of any man, no matter how open his life." De la Roche traveled extensively. She journeyed to the United States and western Canada and made nearly twenty sea voyages, from the Caribbean to North Africa to Europe. De la Roche died in Toronto on July 12, 1961. Today her work is admired for its strong, optimistic characters and sense of place. With the Jalna saga de la Roche created a rich fantasy world which has ensured its place in the tradition of popular fiction. For further reading: Mazo de la Roche of Jalna by R. Hambleton (1966); Mazo de la Roche by G. Hendrick (1970); Mazo de la Roche: The Hidden Life by J. Givner (1989); Twentieth-Century Romance and Historical Writers, ed. by Aruna Vasudevan (1994); World Authors 1900-1950, vol. 1, ed. by Martin Seymour-Smith and Andrew C. Kimmens (1996); Thirty-Two Short Views of Mazo De La Roche by Daniel L. Bratton (1996) - Other family sagas: Niskavuori saga, Winston Graham's Poldark series, R.F. Delderfield, Catherine Cookson (Mary Ann Shaughnessy series, The Mallen Family) Selected works:
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