Bus garage
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A bus garage or bus depot is a type of garage where buses are stored. Many bus garages are on the sites of former car barns or tram sheds, where streetcars or trams were stored, and the operation transferred to buses.
Most bus garages will contain the following elements:
- Internal parking
- External parking
- Fueling point
- Fuel storage tanks
- Engineering section
- Inspection pits
- Bus wash
- Brake test lane
- Staff canteen/break room
Smaller garages may contain the minimum engineering facilities, restricted to light servicing capabilities only. Garages may also contain recovery vehicles, often converted buses, although their incidence has declined with the use of contractors to recover break-downs, and the increase in reliability.
Overnight, the more valuable or regularly in-service buses will usually be stored in the interior of the garage, with less used or older service vehicles, and vehicles withdrawn for storage or awaiting disposal, stored externally. During the day, internal and external areas will see a variety of movements.
Often garages will feature rest rooms for drivers assigned to 'as required' duties, whereby they may be required to drive relief or replacement buses in the event of breakdown. The garage may also have 'light duties' drivers, who merely move the buses internally around the garage, often called shunting.
Several bus companies such as London Buses and Lothian Buses used to operate mutliples storage garages around their operating area, supplemented by a central works facility. Central works have declined with increase in sub-contract engineering, and imrovements in mechanical reliability of bus designs. Also, the practice of routine mid-life refurbishment of bus fleets has declined.
Some bus companies also make use of outstations (or out-stations), as an additional bus storage facility. These are generally outdoor parking locations, where buses are stored overnight or between peaks, which are more conveniently located for operations, reducing dead mileage. Incidents of vandalism and a general reduction in services has seen their decline in the UK.
Bus garages will often have high roofs, especially for storage of double-decker buses. Recently in London, the transfer of routes from double-decker operation to articulated buses has caused problems at some garages that were found to be subsequently too small to accommodate all the replacement buses, requiring splitting of allocations, or the building of new garages.
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