Bengali poetry
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Like the Bengali language, Bengali poetry traces its lineage to Pāli and other Prakrit socio-cultural traditions. An antagonism to Vedic rituals and laws heightened to a culmination in the Buddhist and Jainist movements. However, modern Bengali owes as much to Sanskrit. Like the society that thrived to populate the modern Bengal, Bengali language and culture appears to be a perfect amalgam of almost unanalysable elements. Bengali poetry is extraordinary and sweet.
[edit] Early Poetry (Inception at the Turn of the Millennium)
The history of Bengali poetry is usually divided into three major successive stages of development: Poetry of the early age such as Charyapad, Mediaeval period and the age of modern poetry.
[edit] Mystic Poem
Poetry of the oldest period, probably beginning from 10th century, is known for the mystic poems called [[Charyagiti]] or Charyapad, discovered from Nepal by Mahamahopadhyay Haraprasad Shastri.
[edit] Epic in Vernacular
[edit] Medieval Period (Bhakti Movement / Vaishnava Padabali / Shakta Padabali)
The period between 1350 and 1800, was the medieval period of Bengali poetry – known as the period of Jayadeva (12th century), the renowned poet from neighboring Orissa, Vidyapati (13th century) with his love lyrics, and Badu Chandidas, the author of Sri Krishna Kirtan, the most important philosophical work of the period. The period from 1500 A. D. to 1800 A.D. was known as the Late Middle Bengali period. During this period, there was a marked influence of Chaitanya and it was this influence that led to the development of Vaishnava literature. Chandidas(13th century) is one of the greatest poet of this time. Outside Vaishnava poetry, the most significant work of the sixteenth century was Chandimangal by Mukunda Chakravarti. Also, early in the fifteenth century Bengal got two of its best-known Muslim poets of Arrakan Daulat Kazi and Alaol(1607-1680).
[edit] Birth of Modern Poetry
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Bharat CHandra probably marks the transition period of pre-colonial theocentric poetry and modern poetry. After Bharat Chandra there is a long list of poets notable Iswar Gupta before Michael Madhusudan Dutta (1834-1873) who is the founder of modern age of Bengali literature. Another great poet of this period is Biharilal Chakravarti’s (1834-94). Then Rabindranath Tagore(1861_1941), Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899-1976), and many others begin the age of modern bengali poetry.
[edit] Modern Bengali poetry a la Western school
With Rabindranath founding a firm basis for Bengali poetry, the new poets of early twenties century started a conscious movement for transcending the frontiers of traditional verses and establishing a realm of truly 'modern' poetry in Bengali. It was a successful movement that brought permanent change about the concept of structure of poetry, in addition to theme, Notably one sect of the modernists were pro-socialism poets like Sukanata Bhttachrya and Samar Sen.
[edit] Kallol - Kavita - Parichay : Age of Modern Poetry
The modern age begins with a group of writers who wrote for Kallol, a modernist movement magazine founded in 1923. The most popular among the group were Kazi Nazrul Islam (1899 - 1976) and Mohitlal Majumder (1888-1952), Achintyakumar Sengupta (1903-1976), Satyendranath Dutta (1882-1922), Premendra Mitra (1904 - 1988) and others. Then Bengali poetry got into the brightest light of modernism in 1930s through the movement of few other little magazines such as Buddhadeb Bosu's Kabita and Sudhindranath Datta's Parichay.
The great poets of those movements— Jibanananda Das (1899 - 1954), Buddhadev Bose (1908 - 1974), Sudhindranath Dutta(1901 - 1960), Bishnu Dey (1909 - 1982), Amiya Chakravarty(1901 - 1986) and Samar Sen(1916 - 1987) were the main characters who made a significant effort to reshape Bengali Poetry.
[edit] Post World War II Poets
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Dinesh Das (1913 - 1985), Sukanta Bhattacharya (1926 - 1947), Arun Mitra (1909-2000), Nirendranath Chakravarty, Subhas Mukhopadhyay (1919-2003), Abul Kasem Rahimuddin
[edit] Poets of Islamic Ideals
Given the religion based politics of British India that saw partition of India on the basis of religion, soe poemts wrote poetry imbued with Islamic fervour. Some of them are Sayid Ismail Hossain Shiraji, Golam Mostofa (1897-1964), Farrukh Ahmed (1918-1974), Talim Hossain, Taslima Nasreen, Abdul Kadir (1906-1984). Of them Farrukh Ahmed is most accomplished and in essence, he is a modernist.
[edit] Age of Confusion
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Arunkumar Chakraborty, Sushil Singha
[edit] Krittibas Movement
The modernist movement of modernizing Bengali literature was brought one step further during the 50s, especially with the emergence of the Krittivas magazine. Major poets of this period are Sunil Chandra Sarkar, Manindra Gupta, Mangala Charan Chattopadhyay, Kiran Sankar Sengupta, Ram Basu, Biswa Bandyopadhyay, Ramendrakumar Acharya Choudhury,Sunil Basu, Kamal Dey Sikdar, Ranjit Singha, Sadhana Mukhopadhyay, Kiran Sankar Sengupta, Ashok Bijoy Raha
[edit] Hungry Generation
The Movement called Hungry Generation was initially spearheaded by Karunasindhu Dey, Nirmal Basak, Uttam Das, Abhijit Ghosh, Jiban Sarkar, Brajo Chattopadhyay, Santanu Das, Rudrendu Sarkar, Batakrishna Dey, Amarendra Chakraborty, Sajal Bandyopadhaya, Kabita Sinha , Kedar Bhaduri, Jogabrata Chakraborty, Ramala Boral , Manjulika Das, Chinmoy Guha Thakurta, Manoj Nandi, Prashanta Roy, Sushil Panja, Soumitra Chattopadhyay, Shatabdi Roy and also Mrityunjoy Sen. But soon after, since a section of the literateurs were arrested on charges of obscenity against the women, Kedar Bhaduri declared in 1974 that the movement was dead. he also detouched himself from his hungry associations. then after it was Uttam Das, Nirmal Basak, Abhijit Ghosh, Jiban Sarkar, Santanu Das, Sisir Bhattacharya, Benu Dutta Roy to continue the movement. the first issue of Kabipatra was edited by Pabitra Mukhopadhyay, the 2nd by Amar Mitra, 3rd by Subimal Mishra, 4th to 7th by Sanjoy Mukhopadhyay. Pabitra also used to publish other magazines. many more like Arani Basu, Uday Bhadury, Sachin Das, Dipak Lahiri, Parombrato Chattopadhyay, Kanailal Jana, Gour Khanra, Nasim-e-alam, Tapan Maity, Subhas Gangopadhaya, Shyamal Dhar, Nityaranjan Kundu, Giridhari Kundu, Dipak Roy, Chitrita Devi,Kanak Mukhopadhyay, Jugantar Chakraborty, Sumitabho Ghoshal, Dipankar Bagchi, Shankho Ghosh were also linked with that movement and contributed writings.
[edit] Indrani Cult
A new, refreshing, decentralized endeavor that breathed life back into Bengali literature came from Indrani Magazine in the early 1970s. It is also the first Indian poetry magazine in Kolkata by a poet in memory of his new born baby named "Indrani" who passed away within seven days after her birth. Nirmal Basak is a ill-fate father but gradually turned out of his sorrow and becomes the great poet in Bengali literature.
[edit] Bangladeshi Poets after '47
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Sayed Ali Ahsan, Ahsan Habib(1917-1985), Jasimuddin(1903-1976), Abul Hossen, Sufia Kamal, Abu Zafar Obaidullah
[edit] Fifties & Sixties: Movement in Bangladesh
The Language Movement in '52 and the pre-'71 movement for Bangladesh vividly influenced a large group of poets of 50's & 60's who identified the new wave of Bengali poems that later on lead the Bangladeshi poetry for the decades. This golden period of bengali poems is notably marked by Shamsur Rahman(1929 – 2006),Shahid Kadri & Al Mahmud including other most important poets like Sanaul Hoque, , Hasan Hafizur Rahman, Sayeed Atiqullah, Fazal Shahabuddin, Syed Shamsul Haque, Sikder Aminul Hoque, Humayun Azad(1947-2004), Rafiq Azad, Nirmalendu Goon, Belal Chowdhury, Mohammad Rafiq, Asad Chowdhury,
[edit] Sixties : Youthful Dreams in West Bengal
Mrityunjoy Sen, Uttam Das, Kedar Bhadury, Jiban Sarkar, Sushil Panja, Goutam Guha, Snehasis Sukul, Sikha Sukul, Snehakar Bhattacharya, Nirmal Basu of Ranaghat, Pranesh Sarkar of Badkulla, Sisir Bhattacharya, Benu Dutta Roy of Alipurduar, Arnab Sen of Jalpaiguri,Tushar Bandyopadhaya of Birpara, Jalpaiguri, Gokuleswar Ghosh, Samsul Hak, Samarendra Sengupta, Tapan Bandyopadhyay
[edit] New Voices in West Bengal
Seventies: poems of dreams and protests
Subrata Sarkar,Ratuntanu Ghati,Biswadeb Mukhopadhyay, Syed Kawsar Jamal, Shubho Mukhopadhyay, Samarendra Das,Bapi Samaddar, Hirak Bhattacharya, Somak Das,Shyamalkanti Das, Shankar Chakraborty, Jamil Sayed, Amitava Moitra, Kajal Chakraborty, Anjali Das
Seventies: Atichetanaar kabitaa (Poetry of expansive consciousness)
Bratati Ghosh Roy, Sumitra Dutta Choudhury, Debanjali Mukhopadhyay
Eighties: Responsible Dreams Sayed Hasmat Jalal, Chitra Lahiri, Kartik Modak, Sanjukta Bandopadhyay, Sanhita Bandyopadhyay, Ketaki Kushari Dyson, Chaitali Chattopadhyay, Bithi Chattopadhyay, Pramod Basu , Dipak Lahiri , Siddhartha Singha ,Ujjwal Singha, Sandip Mukhopadhyay, Sridhar Mukhopadhyay
[edit] New Voices in Bangladesh
[edit] Seventies: Post Liberation poetry
In the seventies, a group of young writers came to the scene. They were the products of the liberation war that includes the poets like Abul Hasan, Uttam Kumar Barua, Suraiya Khanum, Mohammad Nurul Huda, Abid Azad, Shihab Sarkar, Asim Saha, Abdul Mannan Syed, Mahadev Saha, Farhad Mazhar, Humayun Kabir, Rubi Rahman, Helal Hafiz, Sabdar Siddiqi and Daud Haider. However, it cannot be said that war of liberation fought in 1971 influenced the poetry of these poets in any siginifcant manner.
[edit] Poets of Eighties
A turning point came in the eighties when a number of poets started writing in a new vein such as Rudro Md. Shahidullah, Masud Khan, Sajjad Sharif, Rezauddin Stalin, Ferdous Nahar, Abu Hassan Shahriar, and Subrata Augustine Gomes. Notably, Taslima Nasrin also belonged to this group.
[edit] Eighties & Nineties: Little Magazine Movement
The mideighties saw the emergence of a cluster of little magazines, most of which concentrated on publishing the 'new' poetry. Among these, Ekobingsho, Gandeeb, Sangbed, Anindya,PRATIBHU প্রতিভূ, BARKING DOGS বার্কিঙ ডগস্, etc. took the leading role. Then it was followed in nineties by publishing Nodi, Proshun, Pencha, Kichuddhoni, Damodor, Pranto, Chalchitro, Ghonta, Droshtobyo etc. Some notable poets of these little magazine groups are Ashraf Shishir আশরাফ শিশির, Hazrat Mamun Abdullah হযরত মামুন আব্দুল্লাহ্, Khondoker Ashraf Hossain, Asim Kumar Das, Farid Kabir, Altaf Hossain, Subrata Augustine Gomes, Sajjad Sharif, Bishnu Bishwash, Sayed Tarik, Masud Ali Khan, Shantonu Chowdhury, Shoyeb Shadab,Rifat Chowdhury, Kajal Shahnewaz, Jewel Mazhar, Masud Khan, Bratya Raisu, Adittya Kabir, Shamim Kabir, Sumon Rahman, Shibli Muktadir, Bayezid Mahbub, Ashique Mostafa, Zahir Hassan, Santa Belal, Mujib Iram, Ebadur Rahman, Kamruzzaman Kamu, Shakhawat Tipu
[edit] Next Generation of Bangladeshi Poetry
The few are just seems going to play a significant role in the next generation of Bangladeshi Post Modern Poetry. Sufian Shojol, Raad Ahmed, Utpal Kumar Barua, Kazi Andaleeb Amin, Abu Ahshan, Mesbaul Alam Arghya, Mukti Mandal,Rizwanul Islam Rudra, Aronno, Javed Akter, Mahfuz, Niaz Ahmed Chowdhury,Ashraf Shishir,Hazrat Mamun Abdullah,
[edit] Next-Generation of West Bengal পশ্চিমবাংলার পরবর্তী প্রজন্ম
[edit] Female poets of West Bengal পশ্চিমবাংলার মহিলা কবি
Girindra mohini Dasi, Kamini Roy, Kusum Kumari Dasi, Bani Roy, Rajlakshmi Devi, Kanak Mukhopadhyay, Archana Acharya Choudhury, Sadhana Mukhopadhyay, Aprajita Goppi, Kabita Singha, Manjulika Das, Ramola Boral, Gita Chattopadhyay, Ketaki Kushari Dyson, Bijaya Mukhopadhyay, Nabaneeta Deb Sen, Sutapa Bhattacharya, Debarati Mitra, Rama Ghosh, Anjali Das, Krishna Basu, Jaya Mitra, Anita Agnihotri, Sanjukta Bandyopadhyay, Chaitali Chattopadhyay, Bhaswati Roy Choudhury, Debanjali Mukhopadhyay, Kanchan Kuntala Mukhopadhyay, Ishita Bhaduri, Mandar Mukhopadhyay, Jashodhara Roychoudhury, Ahana Biswas, Bithi Chattopadhyay, Tamalika Panda Sheth, Sumitra Dutta Choudhury, Sandhya Bhowmik, Mallika Sengupta, Chandrani Das Bandyopadhyay, Nandita Bandyopadhyay, Shubhosree Roy, Dipshikha Poddar, Sanchayita Kundu, Anuradha Mahapatra, Jyotsna Karmakar, Urmila Chakraborty, Sunanda Chakraborty, Sunanda Moitra, Sutapa Sengupta, Bratati Ghosh Roy, Bratati Biswas (Singha Roy), Chitra Lahiri, Rimi Dey, Roshanara Mishra, Mouli Mishra, Sebanti Ghosh, Shamita Dasgupta, Mou Dasgupta, Rupa Dasgupta, Papri Gangopadhyay, Trishna Bhattacharya, Mandakranta Sen, Gouri Mazumdar, Shweta Chakraborty, Bubun Chattopadhyay, Ananya Bandyopadhyay, Mousumi Roy, Kalpana Debnath, Tanushree Pal, Kabyashree Baksi Bhattacharya, Sandhyasree Chakraborty, Madhuchhanda Mitra Ghosh, Shreyasi Gangopadhyay, Anindita Goswami, Mitul Dutta , Susmeli Dutta, Meghna R Pai, Wahida Khatun, Ballari Sen, Poulami Sengupta Sarkar, Arati Bagchi, Lalita Patri, Upama Patri, Swagata Gupta, Maya Sarkar, Dipika Biswas, Subhadra Bhattacharya, Namita Choudhury, Ajita Choudhury, Nilima Saha, Ajra Banu, Reshma Khatun, Swati Indu, Sanhita Bandyopadhyay, Swapna Bandyopadhyay, Swapna Gangopadhyay, Shabari Ghosh, Jhilli Choudhury, Chandana Khan, Chhanda Chattopadhyay, Paromita Munshi, Paromita Chanda, Soumana Dasgupta, Shyamali Sengupta, Rina Giri, Rama Simlai,
[edit] New Poetry Consciousness
Subrata Sarkar, Jamil Sayed, Prabuddha Sundar Kar, Utpal Dey, Tanmoy Moitra, Ranajoy Chattopadhya, Dilip Bandyopadhyay, Bhaskar Mitra
[edit] Sub-Altern generation
Satya Sadhan Chel, Rajkalyan Chel, Rajkumar Ponda, Basudeb Mosel, Suman Gun, Goutam Hens, Manaskumar Chini, Manoranjan Khanra, Kalobaran Parui, Prabhas Fadikar, Jyotirmoy Hui, Arup Panti, Ajit Bairi, Dipsikha Poddar, Nitya Malakar, Sushil Panja, Giridhari Kundu, Biplab Maji, Asis Giri, Binod Bera, Arun Sadhukha, Kamal dey Sikdar, Abool Basar, Kashinath Das Chakladar, Biswajit Ponda, Biswanath Gorai, Sukumar Garani, Haraprasd Sahoo,
[edit] Nineties : Parallel Poetry Movement
Kanak Mukhopadhay Nandita Bandyopadhyay, Samaresh Mondal, Shamser Anwar, Alokendu Patri , Rudra Pati, Upama Patri, Shyamsundar Dey, Sadhana Mukhopadhyay, Prashanta Guha Mazumdar,Jaladhi Halder, Sumitra Dutta Choudhury, Rabin Sur , Manik Chakraborty, Tulsi Mukhopadhyay, Abdus Shukur Khan, Ahana Biswas, Sajal Dey, Pratyush Prasun Ghosh
[edit] Nineties : Mainstream Poetry of Nineties
Punyaslok Dasgupta, Anyamon Dasgupta, Benu Sarkar, Wajed Ali,Brato Chakraborty, Nikhil Kumar Sarkar, Amalendu Biswas, Rudra Pati, Mandar Mukhopadhyay, Aveek Bhattacharya, Muhammad Matiullah, Angshuman Kar, Rajib Ghosh, Tapas Roy, Bijesh Saha, Sumitesh Sarkar, Purnendu Bharadwaj, Rajkumar Roychoudhury, Rabindranath Thakur, Anindya Bhattacharjee, Tirthankar Moitra, Ranjit Halder, Gouri Mazumdar
[edit] Decade of Zero : New Voices
Shakitipada Mukhopadhyay, Somabrata Sarkar, Sanjib Pramanik, Anindita Goswami, Nijan Dey Choudhury, Subodh Das, Biplab Maji , Plaban Bhowmik, Manas Kumar Chini, Trishna Bhattacharya,Sabyasachi Majumdar, Dolly Dutta, Satyapriya Mukhopadhyay, Ratan Jana
[edit] Zero: Shout of the Living Beings
Manoranjan Khanra of Mechheda, Sukamal Basu of Jhargram, Shyamal Baran Saha, Sanchayita Kundu, Arghya Mondal, Gobinda Roy, Somnath Roy, Nasim-E-Alam, Shubhranshu Debnath, Kumud Acharya of West Midnapore, Sukumar Choudhury of Nagpur, Pinaki Bhaduri of Nagpur, Subrata Paul, Manoranjan Purokayastha of Baruipur, Krishnakali Mondal of Baruipur, Bipul Chakraborty, Sakil Ahmed of Diamondharbour, Amar Chakraborty of Alipurduar, Haren Ghosh, Samar Chakraborty, Emdadul haque Noor, Nurul Amin Biswas, Shubhosri Roy, Sweta Chakraborty, Mahua Choudhury, Meghna R Pai, Buddhadeb Mukhopadhyay, Debaprasad Mukhopadhyay
[edit] See also
[edit] External Links
Bengali Poetry in English Translation
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