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David Osrin a International Perinatal Care Unit, Institute of
Child Health, University College London, London WC1N 1EH, b Mother Infant Research Activities,
GPO Box 921, Kathmandu, Nepal, c Nepal Administrative Staff
College, Kathmandu, Nepal, d Institute of Development Studies, Falmer, Sussex
BN1 9RH
Correspondence to: A M de L Costello ipu{at}ich.ucl.ac.uk
Objective:
To determine home based newborn care
practices in rural Nepal in order to inform strategies to improve
neonatal outcome.
What is already known on this topic
Neonatal mortality has remained fairly constant in developing countries
despite falling infant mortality What this paper adds
Cord cutting implements were often unclean and drying and wrapping of
newborn infants was usually delayed 99% of babies were breast fed, 92% of them within six hours of birth,
and colostrum was generally given Interventions need to focus on educating women about hygiene,
encouraging early wrapping, and delaying bathing of newborn
babies
Design:
Cross sectional, retrospective study using structured interviews.
Setting:
Makwanpur district, Nepal.
Participants:
5411 married women aged 15 to 49 years
who had given birth to a live baby in the past year.
Main outcome measures:
Attendance at delivery,
hygiene, thermal care, and early feeding practices.
Results:
4893 (90%) women gave birth at home.
Attendance at delivery by skilled government health workers was low
(334, 6%), as was attendance by traditional birth attendants (267, 5%). Only 461 (8%) women had used a clean home delivery kit, and
about half of attendants had washed their hands. Only 3482 (64%)
newborn infants had been wrapped within half an hour of birth, and 4992 (92%) had been bathed within the first hour. 99% (5362) of babies were breast fed, 91% (4939) within six hours of birth. Practices with
respect to colostrum and prelacteals were not a cause for anxiety.
Conclusions:
Health promotion interventions most
likely to improve newborn health in this setting include increasing
attendance at delivery by skilled service providers, improving
information for families about basic perinatal care, promotion of clean
delivery practices, early cord cutting and wrapping of the baby, and
avoidance of early bathing.
Most births in rural south Asia occur at home
Only 6% of births in rural Nepal took place in the presence of a
skilled attendant
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