Republic of Negros

Cantonal Republic of Negros Republic of Negros
República Cantonal de Negros República de Negros Republica Cantonal sang Negros Republica sang Negros
US Protectorate (1899-1901)
← 1898–1901 →
Flag of the Revolutionary Government in Bacolod
Location of Negros in the Philippines
Capital		Bacolod
Languages		Hiligaynon, Cebuano and Spanish
Government		Republic
President (from 1899-1901, Governor)		Aniceto Lacson 1898-1899
		Melecio Severino (as Governor) 1899-1901
Legislature		Chamber of Deputies
Historical era		New Imperialism
-	End of the Negros Revolution	November 27, 1898
-	Disestablished	April 30, 1901

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The Republic of Negros (Spanish: República de Negros, Hiligaynon: Republica sang Negros) was a short-lived revolutionary republic, and later, administrative division, which existed while the Philippines was under Spanish and American sovereignty. It took its name from Negros Island.

History

Main article: Negros Revolution

From 3 November to 6 November 1898, the people of Negros rose in revolt against the Spanish authorities headed by politico-military governor Colonel Isidro de Castro. The Spaniards decided to surrender upon seeing armed troops marching in a pincer movement towards Bacolod. The revolutionaries, led by General Juan Araneta from Bago and General Aniceto Lacson from Talisay, were actually carrying fake arms consisting of rifles carved out of palm fronds and cannons of rolled bamboo mats painted black. By the afternoon of 6 November, Colonel de Castro signed the Act of Capitulation, thus ending Spanish rule in Negros Occidental.

On November 27, 1898, the unicameral Chamber of Deputies (Spanish: Cámara de Diputados) met in Bacolod and declared the establishment of the Cantonal Republic of Negros (Spanish: República Cantonal de Negros). The Chamber of Deputies acted as a Constituent Assembly to draft a constitution. When the invasion of the United States Army was looming, President Aniceto Lacson raised the American flag in the Casa Real to welcome the army as a friendly force. Despite the initial protest from the Negros Oriental deputies, the republic came under U.S. protection on April 30, 1899 as a separate state from the rest of the Philippine Islands and on the next day, the constitution was passed. On 22 July 1899, it was renamed the Republic of Negros, but on 30 April 1901, it was dissolved and annexed to the Philippine Islands by the United States.

In Bago City, the event was chronicled in a historic marker found in the Public Plaza, which bears the following inscriptions:

“

REPÚBLICA DE NEGROS
“In this plaza of Bago was proclaimed the
República de Negros by the Revolutionary
Forces led by general Juan Anacleto Araneta,
5 November 1898. Witnessed by Anaias
Diokno, representative of the Central Revolutionary
Government. This Republic acknowledges
The authority of the First Philippine Republic
under Emilio Aguinaldo.”

”

5 November has been observed as a special non-working holiday in Negros Occidental through Republic Act № 6709, signed by President Corazon Aquino on 10 February 1989.

Leaders

The leaders of the short-lived republic were:

Aniceto Lacson (November 5, 1898 - November 27, 1898) November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899	(President in Negros Occidental only) President
Demetrio Larena (November 24, 1898 - November 27, 1898) November 5, 1898 - July 22, 1899	(President in Negros Oriental only) Vice-President
José Luzuriaga July 22, 1899 - November 6, 1899	President of the Chamber of Deputies
Juan Araneta	Secretary of War
Antonio Ledesma Jayme July 24, 1854 - October 9, 1937	Secretary of Justice
Melecio Severino November 6, 1899 - April 30, 1901	Civil Governor

See also

• Negros Revolution
• Negros Island

External links

• The opposition to the Americans and the Canton Republic of Negros