Bureau of Meteorology
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|
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1 January 1908 |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Australia |
| Headquarters | Melbourne |
| Employees | 1,749 (at April 2013)[1] |
| Annual budget | A$296.306 million (2009–10) |
| Ministers responsible | The Hon Greg Hunt MP, Minister for Environment Senator the Hon Simon Birmingham, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for the Environment |
| Agency executives | Mr Barry Grear AO, Chair, Bureau of Meteorology Advisory Board Dr Rob Vertessy, Director of Meteorology |
| Parent agency | Department of the Environment |
| Website | www.bom.gov.au |
The Bureau of Meteorology (BOM), formerly known as the Central Weather Bureau,[2] is an Executive Agency of the Australian Government responsible for providing weather services to Australia and surrounding areas. It was established in 1906 under the Meteorology Act, and brought together the state meteorological services that existed before then. The states officially transferred their weather recording responsibilities to the Bureau of Meteorology on 1 January 1908.[3][4]
Contents
Services and structure[edit]
The Bureau of Meteorology is the main provider of weather forecasts, warnings and observations to the Australian public. The Bureau distributes weather images via radiofax and is responsible for issuing flood alerts in Australia.
The Bureau's head office is in Melbourne Docklands, which includes the Bureau's Research Centre, the National Meteorological and Oceanographic Centre, the National Climate Centre, as well as the Hydrology and Satellite sections.[5]
Regional offices are located in each state and territory capital. Each regional office includes a Regional Forecasting Centre and a Flood Warning Centre, and the Perth, Darwin and Brisbane offices also house Tropical Cyclone Warning Centres. The Adelaide office incorporates the National Tidal Centre, while the Darwin office the Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre and Regional Specialised Meteorological Centre (Analysis).
The Australian Bureau of Meteorology issues Tropical Cyclone Advices[6] and developed the Standard Emergency Warning Signal used for warnings. The Bureau is responsible for tropical cyclone naming for storms in waters surrounding Australia. Three lists of names used to be maintained, one for each of the western, northern and eastern Australian regions.[7] However as of the start of the 2008–09 Tropical Cyclone Year these lists have been rolled into one main national list of tropical cyclone names.[7]
The regional offices are supported by the National Meteorological and Oceanographic Centre (NMOC) which is also located at the head office in Melbourne Docklands.
The Bureau maintains a network of field offices across the continent, on neighbouring islands and in Antarctica. There is also a network of some 500 paid co-operative observers and approximately 6,000 voluntary rainfall observers.
Management[edit]
The Director of Meteorology in the Bureau of Meteorology is Dr Rob Vertessy, succeeding Dr Greg Ayers who resigned due to ill health in February 2012.[8][9] Deputy Directors are Dr Neville Smith (Research and Systems), Dr Ray Canterford (Services), Graham Hawke (Climate & Water), Vicki Middleton (Corporate), and Dr Peter May and Dr Helen Cleugh (Deputy Directors of the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, the latter with the CSIRO, the other organisation involved with the centre).[9][10]
Former Directors[edit]
Former Directors of the Bureau of Meteorology are:
| Director | Years |
|---|---|
| Henry Ambrose Hunt | 1908–31 |
| William S Watt | 1931–40 |
| H. Norman Warren | 1940–50 |
| Edward W Timcke | 1950–55 |
| Leonard J Dwyer | 1955–62 |
| William J Gibbs | 1962–78 |
| John Zillman | 1978–2003 |
| Geoff Love | 2003–08 |
| Neville Smith (Acting Director) | 2008–09 |
| Greg Ayers | 2009–12[8] |
| Rob Vertessy | 2012– |
Technology[edit]
In Head Office an Oracle Supercomputer provides the framework for weather modelling and simulation, [11] while other UNIX servers support the Computer Message Switching System and Real-Time Data Base. The Australian Integrated Forecast System affords the main computing infrastructure in the Regional offices. Numerical Weather Prediction is performed using the Unified Model software. In August 2010 the Bureau of Meteorology decommissioned their previous supercomputer, the NEC SX-6, switching to the Oracle "Solar" Supercomputer. [11]
See also[edit]
- World Met Office, co-ordination body for weather, climate and environment services globally.
- Weatherzone, another Australian weather service provider
- International Cloud Experiment, which collected data on tropical cyclones in January and February 2006
- 2014–15 Australian region cyclone season
- Water data transfer format
References[edit]
- ^ State of the Service Report: State of the Service Series 2012–13 (PDF), Australian Public Service Commission, 2 December 2013, p. 253, archived from the original on 6 December 2013, retrieved 8 December 2013
- ^ "The first Commonwealth Meteorologist: the farsighted legacy of Henry A. Hunt". Bureau of Meteorology. 7 February 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
- ^ "BOM celebrates 100 years". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 1 January 2008.
- ^ "Collections in Perth: 20. Meteorology". National Archives of Australia. Retrieved 24 May 2008.
- ^ "Bureau of Meteorology Head Office 700 Collins Street". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 24 May 2008.
- ^ Tropical Cyclone Advices, Bureau of Meteorology, 2009
- ^ a b "Tropical Cyclone Names". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
- ^ a b "Government thanks outgoing Bureau of Meteorology director, Dr Greg Ayers". Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities. 20 February 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
- ^ a b "Bureau of Meteorology Senior Staff" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- ^ "The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research". The Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
- ^ a b "NMOC Operations Bulletin No. 83: Operational implementation of the ACCESS Numerical Weather Prediction systems" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. 21 September 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2013.
