مداخله نظامی علیه داعش

از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
پرش به: ناوبری، جستجو
مداخله نظامی علیه داعش
بخشی از جنگ با تروریسم، شورش عراق (۲۰۱۱–حال حاضر)، و جنگ داخلی سوریه
2014 military intervention against ISIS collage.png
Syria and Iraq 2014-onward War map.png
Top: Two U.S. Air Force مک‌دانل داگلاس اف-۱۵ئی استرایک ایگل aircraft flying over northern Iraq. Left: لاکهید مارتین اف-۲۲ رپتور refueling before a strike in Syria. Right: پیش‌مرگ نیروهای ویژه gathered near Syria. Middle: An American مک‌دانل داگلاس اف/ای-۱۸ هورنت aboard the یواس‌اس George H.W. Bush prior to the launch of operations over Iraq. Bottom: Map as of October 16.
تاریخ 16 June 2014 – present (۲ سال، ۷ ماه، ۱ هفته و ۴ روز)
مکان عراق و سوریه
نتیجه درجریان
  • حملات هوایی به مواضع داعش
  • کمک‌های انسان دوستانه بین‌المللی
  • تسلیح و کمک نیروی‌های محلی
  • 2 یک خبرنگار آمریکایی و ۲ کمک‌رسان امدادی بریتانیایی و یک توریست فرانسوی کشته‌شدند.[۱][۲][۳]
طرفین درگیر
U.S.-led coalitions:

Intervening in Iraq & Syria:
ایالات متحده آمریکا ایالات متحده آمریکا
 Only intervening in Iraq:
 استرالیا[۴]
 بلژیک[۵]
 کانادا[۶]
 دانمارک[۷][۸]
 فرانسه[۹][۱۰]
 آلمان[۱۱][۱۲]
 ایتالیا[۱۳][۱۴]
 هلند[۱۵][۱۶]
 اسپانیا[۱۷]
 بریتانیا[۱۸]
Only intervening in Syria:
 بحرین
 اردن
 قطر
 عربستان سعودی
 امارات متحده عربی[۱۹]

Support

Iranian-led intervention:

ایران[۳۲]
InfoboxHez.PNG حزب‌الله لبنان[۳۳]

Local forces in Iraq:
عراق عراق Government (supported by US & allies & Iran)

  • Shi'a militias (supported by Iran)[۳۴]

 کردستان (by US & allies, Iran and foreign Kurds)[۳۵]

نیروهای بومی در سوریه:

Selected groups in the جنگ داخلی سوریه (US & allies)
کردستان سوریه Syrian Kurdistan (US & allies, & foreign Kurds)

 دولت اسلامی عراق و شام

Opposed by ISIL, US-led Coalitions, and others
القاعده
فرماندهان و رهبران
باراک اوباما

چاک هیگل
Lloyd Austin
Andrew J. Loiselle
تونی ابوت
David A.L. Johnston
David L. Johnston
Craig Orme[۳۸]
شارل میشل
Steven Vandeput
Claude Van De Voorde
استیون هارپر
Rob Nicholson
Thomas J. Lawson
Yvan Blondin
هله تورنینگ-اشمیت
Peter Bartram
فرانسه فرانسوا اولاند[۳۹]
 فرانسه Jean-Yves Le Drian
فرانسه Pierre de Villiers
هلند مارک روته
هلند Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert
هلند Frans Timmermans
Sander Schnitger
دیوید کامرون
Michael Fallon
Andrew Pulford

ایران سید علی خامنه‌ای
ایران حسن روحانی
InfoboxHez.PNG سید حسن نصرالله

مسعود بارزانی
Jaafar Sheikh Mustafa
Mustafa Said Qadir

عراق فؤاد معصوم
عراق نوری مالکی
عراق حیدر عبادی

 ابوبکر بغدادی(Caliph)

ابو محمد عدنانی (Spokesperson)
عمر الشیشانی (Military Chief)
Abu Muslim al-Turkmani (Deputy, Iraq)
Abu Ali al-Anbari (Deputy, Syria)
Abu Waheeb (استان انبار Commander)
Abu Hajar al-Souri †
(Top Aide)[۴۰]
Ali Mohammed al-Shayer †(Senior ISIL Leader)[۴۱]
Adnan Khudhair †(Senior ISIL Leader)[۴۱]
Okasha al-Baghdadi †(Senior ISIL Leader)[۴۱]

Abu Ayman al-Iraqi[۴۲](Top Leader) ابو احمد العوانی[۴۲](Commander)

ابومحمد جولانی
محسن الفضلی (allegedly killed †)[۴۳]
قوا
ISIL:

al-Qadea:
تلفات
ایالات متحده آمریکا

 فرانسه

  • ۱ شهروند فرانسوی اعدام شد.[۸۸]

 بریتانیا

  • ۲ نیروی امدادی بریتانیایی کشته‌شدند.[۸۹]

 ایران

  • 5 Iranian soldiers killed [۹۰]

InfoboxHez.PNG حزب‌الله لبنان

 اردن

  • 1 Jordanian soldier wounded (not confirmed)
تعداد نامشخصی از سنی‌ها توسط شبه‌نظامی‌های شیعه کشته شدند.[۹۵]
20 civilians killed by U.S. airstrikes targeting al Qadea[۹۶]
تعدادی از شهروندان خارجی به اسارت گرفته‌شدند.

در پی پیشروی و گسترش عملیات‌های نظامی دولت اسلامی عراق و شام که به اختصار داعش و یا دولت اسلامی نیز خوانده می‌شود در ماهای ژوئن و ژوئیه سال ۲۰۱۴ برخی از کشورها تصمیم به دخالت در جنگ شهری که در عراق و سوریه گرفتند. دستیابی‌های سریع داعش در عراق و سوریه که توامان با خشونت‌های بی‌رحمانه‌ای بود از دلایل این رویایی بود. کشورهای مختلف به دلایل سیاسی گوناگون در سطوح و درجه‌های متنوع تصمیم به حضور در این شرایط پیچیده گرفتند.

دخالت‌ها به رهبری آمریکا[ویرایش]

با شروع اوت ۲۰۱۴ ایالات متحده یک گروه ائتلافی از همراهان برای مقابله نظامی با داعش تشکیل داد. کشورهای مختلف به صورت هوایی و کمک‌های نظامی و نیروهای زمینی در این ائتلاف مشارکت کردند.

جستارهای وابسته[ویرایش]

منابع[ویرایش]

  1. ↑ "Obama vs ISIS: This time it's personal". The Daily Beast. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014. 
  2. ↑ "US weighs direct military action against ISIS in Syria". The New York Times. 22 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014. 
  3. ↑ "French hostage beheading: France to boost Syria rebels". BBC News. Retrieved 28 September 2014. 
  4. ↑ "Australia says it is deploying warplanes to join Iraq campaign". The Daily Telegraph. Yahoo. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014. 
  5. ↑ Battling Dutch, Belgium prepare to send forces, MSN .
  6. ↑ "Canada to join anti-Islamic State air strikes". BBC. 3 October 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014. 
  7. ↑ "Denmark, Isis", The Huffington Post, 9 September 2014 .
  8. ↑ ۸٫۰ ۸٫۱ "Sweden rejects calls for military support to Iraq". The Local. Sweden. 18 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 
  9. ↑ "Islamic State: France ready to launch Iraq air strikes". BBC. 18 September 2014. Retrieved 18 September 2014. 
  10. ↑ "France bombs Isis depot in Iraq". The Guardian. 21 September 2014. Retrieved 19 September 2014. 
  11. ↑ "Germany to start airlifting aid to Iraq". Germany: DW. Retrieved 14 August 2014. 
  12. ↑ "Germany offers military aid against IS group". Al Jazeera English. 31 August 2014. Retrieved 9 September 2014. 
  13. ↑ ۱۳٫۰ ۱۳٫۱ Iraq, il ministro Pinotti: "Dall'Italia 280 soldati per addestrare i curdi, Predator e armi"
  14. ↑ Iraq, tornano i soldati italiani. Pinotti: nostro dovere agire
  15. ↑ Dutch send fighter jets to strike Iraq, Yahoo .
  16. ↑ "Britain ready to supply Kurds with arms". Reuters. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 
  17. ↑ ۱۷٫۰ ۱۷٫۱ "Spain to send 300 soldiers to Iraq to train its Army". El País. 9 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014. 
  18. ↑ "RAF jets sent on Iraqi combat mission", BBC, 27 September 2014 .
  19. ↑ "US, Arab allies launch first wave of strikes in Syria". Fox News. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014. 
  20. ↑ "Italy Send Aid to Iraq". RIA. Russia. 15 August 2014. 
  21. ↑ "Renzi arrives in Baghdad for meetings with Iraq leaders". Gazzetta del Sud. ایتالیا. Retrieved 21 August 2014. 
  22. ↑ "Greece Brings War Against the Islamic State". Greek Reporter. 25 September 2014. 
  23. ↑ ۲۳٫۰ ۲۳٫۱ "Wary Spain Remains Reluctant Partner in anti-IS Coalition". Rudaw. 24 September 2014. Retrieved 2 October 2014. 
  24. ↑ ۲۴٫۰ ۲۴٫۱ Nissenbaum, Dion (14 August 2014). "US Military Shifts to Helping Kurds Fight Back". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 
  25. ↑ Weaver, Matthew (14 August 2014). "Iraq crisis: EU backs plans by member states to arm Kurd fighters". The Guardian. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 
  26. ↑ Likmeta, Besar (27 August 2014). "Albania Starts Shifting Weapons to Iraqi Kurds". Balkan Insight. 
  27. ↑ "До 2020 година 1.8 млрд. лв. ще бъдат вложени в армията" [1.8 bln. lv will be invested in the military by 2020] (in Bulgarian). Bulgaria: Dir. 20 September 2014. Retrieved 20 September 2014. Shalamanov does not consider the conflict in Ukraine to be the only short-term threat for Bulgarian national security, which is why our country is sending armaments to the opponents of Islamic State… According to him, the events in northern Iraq and Syria represent a growing risk that threatents our national interests. 
  28. ↑ "Hrvatska u borbi protiv islamista: Na zahtjev SAD-a šaljemo oružje za iračku vojsku". Jutarnji list (in Croatian) (Croatia). 21 August 2014. Retrieved 22 August 2014. 
  29. ↑ "Slovakia Launches Aid for Displaced Civilians in Northern Iraq". Emerging Europe (blog). The Wall Street Journal. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014. 
  30. ↑ "Norway Pledges Super Hercules Aircraft for Iraq Aid Effort". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 11 September 2014. 
  31. ↑ "Polish Aid For Refugees from Nineveh in Iraq". Poland: MSZ. 
  32. ↑ "Tehran's Boots on the Ground". Foreign Policy. 9 September 2014. Retrieved 11 September 2014. 
  33. ↑ Blanford, Nicholas (16 July 2014). "Why Hezbollah is playing a smaller role in this Iraqi conflict". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 12 October 2014. 
  34. ↑ "US and Iraqis Try to Fragment Extremist Group". The New York Times. 12 July 2014. Retrieved 13 July 2014. 
  35. ↑ Van Heuvelen, Ben. "Amid turmoil, Iraq's Kurdish region is laying foundation for independent state". The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 June 2014. Kurdistan's military forces… have taken over many of the northernmost positions abandoned by the national army, significantly expanding the zone of Kurdish control… ‘In most places, we aren't bothering them [ISIS], and they aren’t bothering us – or the civilians,’ said Lt. Gen. Shaukur Zibari, a pesh merga commander. 
  36. ↑ Hassan (17 June 2014). "More Than ISIS, Iraq's Sunni Insurgency". Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Retrieved 20 June 2014. 
  37. ↑ "IŞİD ve El Nusra'nın birleştiği iddia edildi", Star Gazete (in Turkish) .
  38. ↑ Grubb, Ben (4 October 2014). "The man calling Australia's shots in the new Iraq war". SMH.com.au (Fairfax Media). Retrieved 5 October 2014. 
  39. ↑ "France strikes Islamic State group’s depot in Iraq", ABC News (Go) .
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  41. ↑ ۴۱٫۰ ۴۱٫۱ ۴۱٫۲ "3 ISIL leaders killed in Iraqi airstrike north of Mosul". Al Shorfa. 11 September 2014. Retrieved 22 September 2014. 
  42. ↑ ۴۲٫۰ ۴۲٫۱ "Top ISIS Leaders are Revealed". Alarabiya. 13 February 2014. 
  43. ↑ "Khorasan leader killed by U.S. air strike in Syria last week, Al-Qaida member tweets". Haaretz. September 28, 2014. Retrieved October 1, 2014. 
  44. ↑ Crowley, Michael (18 August 2014). "Obama la Mission Creep in Iraq". Time. 
  45. ↑ Welch, William M (3 September 2014). "US sending 350 more troops to Iraq". USA Today. 
  46. ↑ "2,300 U.S. Marines deploy new quick-reaction force in Kuwait". 
  47. ↑ Lamothe, Dan (19 July 2014). "US companies pulling contractors from Iraqi bases as security crumbles". The Washington Post. Retrieved 13 August 2014. 
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  49. ↑ "US airstrikes in Syria", ABC News (Go) 
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  51. ↑ "Raptors, bombers & drones: How US-led ISIS strikes caused carnage in Syria". RT. Retrieved 25 September 2014. 
  52. ↑ Capaccio, Tony (10 October 2014). "Pentagon Says Islamic State Fight Costs $7.6 Million/Day". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 13 October 2014. 
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  55. ↑ "Reaper drones pinpoint Jihadi John: Terrorist has been tracked by British forces but security chiefs fear 'kill or capture' mission would end in failure". دیلی میل. October 4, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2014. 
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  96. ↑ http://bigstory.ap.org/article/12e16712aa854b1ba75b21b891444364/airstrikes-not-end-threat-syrian-terror-cell
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