آمریکایی‌ها

از ویکی‌پدیا، دانشنامهٔ آزاد
پرش به: ناوبری، جستجو
آمریکایی‌ها
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جان اف. کندی النور روزولت مارتین لوتر کینگ جونیور
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آلبرت اینشتین جورج واشنگتن کالپانا چاولا
کل جمعیت
۳۰۸٬۷۴۵٬۵۳۸[۱]
سرشماری ۲۰۱۰ ایالات متحده آمریکا
مناطق با جمعیت قابل توجه
ایالات متحده آمریکا        ۳۲۳٬۹۸۳٬۰۰۰[۲]
برآوردهای فعلی جمعیت
مکزیک ۷۳۸٬۱۰۰–۱٬۰۰۰٬۰۰۰[۳][۴]
کانادا ۳۱۶٬۳۵۰–۱٬۰۰۰٬۰۰۰[۵][۶]
فیلیپین ۳۰۰٬۰۰۰[۷]
اسرائیل ۲۰۰٬۰۰۰[۸][۹]
بریتانیا ۱۳۹٬۰۰۰–۱۹۷٬۱۴۳[۱۰][۱۱]
لیبریا ۱۶۰٬۰۰۰[۱۲]
کاستاریکا ۱۳۰٬۰۰۰[۱۳]
کره جنوبی ۱۲۰٬۰۰۰–۱۵۸٬۰۰۰[۱۴]
فرانسه ۱۰۰٬۰۰۰[۱۵]
آلمان ۹۹٬۶۰۰[۱۶]
چین ۷۱٬۴۹۳[۱۷]
برزیل ۷۰٬۰۰۰[۱۸]
هنگ کنگ ۶۰٬۰۰۰[۱۹]
هندوستان ۶۰٬۰۰۰[۲۰]
استرالیا ۵۶٬۲۷۶[۲۱]
ژاپن ۵۱٬۳۲۱[۲۲]
ایتالیا ۵۰٬۰۰۰[۲۳]
عربستان سعودی ۴۰٬۰۰۰[۲۴]
آرژانتین ۳۷٬۰۰۰[۲۵]
نروژ ۳۳٬۵۰۹[۲۶]
باهاما ۳۰٬۰۰۰[۲۷]
لبنان ۲۵٬۰۰۰[۲۸]
پاناما ۲۵٬۰۰۰[۲۹]
نیوزلند ۱۷٬۷۵۱[۳۰]
هندوراس ۱۵٬۰۰۰[۳۱]
شیلی ۱۲٬۰۰۰[۳۲]
تایوان ۱۰٬۶۴۵[۳۳]
برمودا ۸٬۰۰۰[۳۴]
کویت ۸٬۰۰۰[۳۵]
زبان‌ها
اکثریت انگلیسی، همچنین اسپانیایی و دیگر زبان‌ها
دین
مسیحیت (پروتستانتیسم، کلیسای کاتولیک، و مورمون)[۳۶]
بی‌دینی (ندانم‌گرایی و بی‌خدایی)[۳۶]
ادیان غیرمسیحی (یهودیت و دیگر ادیان)[۳۶]

آمریکایی‌ها (به انگلیسی: Americans) یا مردم آمریکا (به انگلیسی: American people) به اهالی کشور ایالات متحده آمریکا اعم از بومی و دارندگان شهروندی این کشور گفته می‌شود.[۳۷][۳۸] آمریکایی‌ها بر پایه شهروندی طبقه‌بندی می‌شوند در صورتی که از قومیت‌ها و ملیت‌های مختلفی تشکیل شده‌اند.[۳۹] به غیر از جمعیت بومی آمریکا، به طور کلی همه آمریکایی‌ها و یا اجدادشان در پنج قرن گذشته به آمریکا مهاجرت کرده‌اند.[۴۰] با وجود ترکیب چند قومی آن،[۴۱][۴۲] فرهنگ مشترک اکثر آمریکایی‌ها به عنوان فرهنگ غالب آمریکا، فرهنگ غربی تا حد زیادی از سنت‌های مهاجران اروپای غربی و شمالی ترکیب شده را، می‌توان اشاره کرد.[۴۱]

علاوه بر این آمریکایی‌ها و مردمان با تبار آمریکایی ایالات متحده در سطوح بین‌المللی و در سایر کشورها زندگی می‌کنند. همان‌طور که بسیاری از آنان در کشورهای قاره آمریکای لاتین، شمالی، اروپا و نیز آسیا و اقیانوسیه پراکنده شده‌اند که برآورد مهاجرین آمریکایی چیزی در حدود سه تا هفت میلیون نفر تخمین زده می‌شود، در خارج از کشور زندگی می‌کنند؛ و به عنوان آمریکایی‌های دور از وطن شناخته می‌شوند.[۴۳][۴۴][۴۵]

منابع[ویرایش]

  1. ↑ "U.S. Census Bureau Announces 2010 Census Population Counts – Apportionment Counts Delivered to President" (Press release). United States Census Bureau. December 21, 2010. Archived from the original on December 24, 2010. Retrieved November 23, 2012. 
  2. ↑ "U.S. POPClock Projection". U.S. Census Bureau.  Figure updated automatically.
  3. ↑ People live in Mexico, INEGI, 2010
  4. ↑ Smith, Dr. Claire M. (August 2010). "These are our Numbers: Civilian Americans Overseas and Voter Turnout". OVF Research Newsletter. Overseas Vote Foundation. Retrieved December 11, 2012. Previous research indicates that the number of U.S. Americans living in Mexico is around 1 million, with 600,000 of those living in Mexico City. 
  5. ↑ "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data". Statistics Canada. Government of Canada. June 10, 2010. Retrieved February 17, 2013. Ethnic origins Americans Total responses 316,350 
  6. ↑ Barrie McKenna (June 27, 2012). "Tax amnesty offered to Americans in Canada". The Globe and Mail (Ottawa). Retrieved December 17, 2012. There are roughly a million Americans in Canada – many with little or no ties to the United States. 
  7. ↑ "U.S. Relations With the Philippines". Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs. United States Department of State. September 10, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012. There are an estimated four million Americans of Philippine ancestry in the United States, and more than 300,000 U.S. citizens in the Philippines. 
  8. ↑ Daphna Berman (January 23, 2008). "Need an appointment at the U.S. Embassy? Get on line!". Haaretz. Retrieved December 11, 2012. According to estimates, some 200,000 American citizens live in Israel and the Palestinian territories. 
  9. ↑ Michele Chabin (March 19, 2012). "In vitro babies denied U.S. citizenship". USA Today (Jerusalem). Retrieved December 11, 2012. Most of the 200,000 U.S. citizens in Israel have dual citizenship, and fertility treatments are common because they are free. 
  10. ↑ "Population by Country of Birth and Nationality Report, August 2012". Office for National Statistics. August 30, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012. 
  11. ↑ Simon Rogers (May 26, 2011). "The UK's foreign-born population: see where people live and where they're from". The Guardian. Retrieved February 17, 2013. County of birth and county of nationality. United States of American 197 143 
  12. ↑ Americans abroad 1999[پیوند مرده]
  13. ↑ "Background Note: Costa Rica". Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. United States Department of State. April 9, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012. Over 130,000 private American citizens, including many retirees, reside in the country and more than 700,000 American citizens visit Costa Rica annually. 
  14. ↑ "U.S. Citizen Services". Embassy of the United States Seoul, Korea. United States Department of State. Retrieved December 11, 2012. This website is updated daily and should be your primary resource when applying for a passport, Consular Report of Birth Abroad, notarization, or any of the other services we offer to the estimated 120,000 U.S. citizens traveling, living, and working in Korea. 
    "North Korea propganda video depicts invasion of South Korea, US hostage taking". Advertiser. Agence France-Presse. 22 March 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2013. According to official immigration figures, South Korea has an American population of more than 130,000 civilians and 28,000 troops. 
  15. ↑ "Americans in France". Embassy of the United States, Paris. United States Department of STate. Retrieved December 11, 2012. Today, although no official figure is available, it is estimated that over 100,000 American citizens reside in France, making France one of the top 10 destinations for American expatriates. 
  16. ↑ Statische Bundesamt Deutschland
  17. ↑ "Major Figures on Residents from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and Foreigners Covered by 2010 Population Census". National Bureau of Statistics of China. April 29, 2011. Archived from the original on May 14, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2011. 
  18. ↑ "Brazil (11/30/11)". Previous Editions of Brazil Background Note. United States Department of State. November 30, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2012. The consular section of the embassy, the consulates, and the consular agents provide vital services to the estimated 70,000 U.S. citizens residing in Brazil. 
  19. ↑ "Hong Kong (10/11/11)". Previous Editions of Hong Kong Background Note. United States Department of State. October 11, 2011. Retrieved December 11, 2012. There are some 1,400 U.S. firms, including 817 regional operations (288 regional headquarters and 529 regional offices), and over 60,000 American residents in Hong Kong. 
  20. ↑ Barry Bearak; Seth Mydans (June 8, 2002). "Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India". New York Times. Retrieved December 17, 2012. The number of Americans living in India is often estimated at 60,000. 
  21. ↑ ibid, Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex – Australia
  22. ↑ "Table 10.1 Registered Foreigners by Nationality: 1950-2006". Ministry of Justice,. Annual Report of Statistics on Legal Migrants. National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. 2008. Retrieved December 11, 2012. 
  23. ↑ Kelly Carter (May 17, 2005). "High cost of living crush Americans' dreams of Italian living". USA Today (Positano, Italy). Retrieved December 17, 2012. Nearly 50,000 Americans lived in Italy at the end of 2003, according to Italy's immigration office. 
  24. ↑ "SAUDI-U.S. TRADE". Commerce Office. Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington D.C. Retrieved February 14, 2012. Furthermore, there are approximately 40,000 Americans living and working in the Kingdom. 
  25. ↑ "Argentina (03/12/12)". Previous Editions of Argentina Background Note. United States Department of State. March 12, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2012. The Embassy's Consular Section monitors the welfare and whereabouts of some 37,000 U.S. citizen residents of Argentina and more than 500,000 U.S. tourists each year. 
  26. ↑ Statistics Norway – Persons with immigrant background by immigration category and country background. January 1, 2010
  27. ↑ "Bahamas, The (01/25/12)". Previous Editions of Panama Background Note. United States Department of State. January 25, 2012. Retrieved December 29, 2012. The countries share ethnic and cultural ties, especially in education, and The Bahamas is home to approximately 30,000 American residents. 
  28. ↑ Kate King (July 18, 2006). "U.S. family: Get us out of Lebanon". CNN. Retrieved February 14, 2012. About 350 of the estimated 25,000 American citizens in Lebanon had been flown to Cyprus from the U.S. Embassy in Beirut by nightfall Tuesday, Maura Harty, the assistant secretary of state for consular affairs, told reporters. 
  29. ↑ "Panama (03/09)". Previous Editions of Panama Background Note. United States Department of State. March 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2012. About 25,000 American citizens reside in Panama, many retirees from the Panama Canal Commission and individuals who hold dual nationality. 
  30. ↑ "North Americans: Facts and figures". Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. 
  31. ↑ "Honduras (11/23/09)". Previous Editions of Honduras Background Note. United States Department of State. November 23, 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2012. U.S. -Honduran ties are further strengthened by numerous private sector contacts, with an average of between 80,000 and 110,000 U.S. citizens visiting Honduras annually and about 15,000 Americans residing there. 
  32. ↑ "Chile (07/08)". Previous Editions of Chile Background Note. United States Department of State. July 2008. Retrieved December 17, 2012. The Consular Section of the Embassy provides vital services to the more than 12,000 U.S. citizens residing in Chile. 
  33. ↑ "06-08 外僑居留人數 Foreign Residents". National Immigration Agency, MOI. Department of Statistics, Ministry of the Interior. 2011. Retrieved December 17, 2012. 
  34. ↑ "Bermuda (12/09/11)". Previous Editions of Bermuda Background Note. United States Department of State. December 9, 2011. Retrieved December 29, 2012. An estimated 8,000 registered U.S. citizens live in Bermuda, many of them employed in the international business community. 
  35. ↑ Tatiana Morales (August 2, 2009). "Americans in Kuwait: When To Go?". CBS News. Retrieved December 17, 2012. There are about 8,000 Americans who live in Kuwait. 
  36. ↑ ۳۶٫۰ ۳۶٫۱ ۳۶٫۲ Luis Lug; Sandra Stencel, John Green, Gregory Smith, Dan Cox, Allison Pond, Tracy Miller, Elixabeth Podrebarac, Michelle Ralston (February 2008). "U.S. Religious Landscape Survey". Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. Pew Research Center. Retrieved February 12, 2012. 
  37. ↑ "American". Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. Retrieved January 13, 2013. 3: a citizen of the United States 
  38. ↑ "American". American English. Oxford University Press. Retrieved January 13, 2013. 1 a native or citizen of the United States. 
  39. ↑ Shklar, Judith N. (1991). American Citizenship: The Quest for Inclusion. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values. Harvard University Press. pp. 3–4. ISBN 9780674022164. Retrieved December 17, 2012. 
    Slotkin, Richard (2001). "Unit Pride: Ethnic Platoons and the Myths of American Nationality". American Literary History (Oxford University Press) 13 (3): 469–498. Retrieved December 17, 2012. But it also expresses a myth of American nationality that remains vital in our political and cultural life: the idealized self-image of a multiethnic, multiracial democracy, hospitable to differences but united by a common sense of national belonging. 
    Eder, Klaus; Giesen, Bernhard (2001). "American%20nationality"%20citizenship&pg=PA25#v=onepage&q="American%20nationality"%20citizenship&f=false European Citizenship: Between National Legacies and Postnational Projects. Oxford University Press. pp. 25–26. ISBN 9780199241200. Retrieved February 1, 2013. In inter-state relations, the American nation state presents its members as a monistic political body-despite ethnic and national groups in the interior. 
    Petersen, William; Novak, Michael; Gleason, Philip (1982). Concepts of Ethnicity. Harvard University Press. p. 62. ISBN 9780674157262. Retrieved February 1, 2013. To be or to become an American, a person did not have to be of any particular national, linguistic, religious, or ethnic background. All he had to do was to commit himself to the political ideology centered on the abstract ideals of liberty, equality, and republicanism. Thus the universalist ideological character of American nationality meant that it was open to anyone who willed to become an American. 
  40. ↑ Fiorina, Morris P. , and Paul E. Peterson (2000). The New American Democracy. London: Longman, p. 97. ISBN 0-321-07058-5.
  41. ↑ ۴۱٫۰ ۴۱٫۱ Adams, J.Q. , and Pearlie Strother-Adams (2001). Dealing with Diversity. Chicago: Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 0-7872-8145-X.
  42. ↑ Thompson, William, and Joseph Hickey (2005). Society in Focus. Boston: Pearson. ISBN 0-205-41365-X.
  43. ↑ Jay Tolson (July 28, 2008). "A Growing Trend of Leaving America". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved December 17, 2012. Estimates made by organizations such as the Association of Americans Resident Overseas put the number of nongovernment-employed Americans living abroad anywhere between 4 million and 7 million, a range whose low end is based loosely on the government's trial count in 1999. 
  44. ↑ "6.32 million Americans (excluding military) live in 160-plus countries.". Association of Americans Resident Overseas. Retrieved December 17, 2012. The total is the highest released to date: close to 6.32 million. 
  45. ↑ "The American Diaspora". Esquire (Hurst Communications, Inc.). Retrieved December 17, 2012. he most frequently cited estimate of nonmilitary U. S. citizens living overseas is between three and six million, based on a very rough State Department calculation in 1999--and never updated. 
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